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How to minimise damage in an earthquake?
The most effective way to reduce the damages caused by earthquakes is by constructing structures and buildings that are capable of enduring strong ground motions. These buildings can be built with profound foundations with rubber shock absorbers and concrete secured with steel. Also establishing new infrastructure away from earthquake prone areas and limiting the height of buildings, will ensure less damage.To prevent items such as generators and boilers from falling anchor them to the floor or adjacent wall or install restraining devices at the edges. To reduce the risk of fires, install fireproof materials and automatic shut-off valves onto gas pipes and electricity supplies.Areas which are prone to earthquakes should ensure they have seismometers and computers that
are able to measure the vibrations of the earth or changes in water levels, so residents can have a fair idea if an earthquake may occur.
In an earthquake, the ideal way to save yourself is to Drop- down to your hands and knees, Cover- your whole body under shelter most likely a table and Hold- on to your shelter till the shaking stops.
Establishing an evacuation plan will be relevant in a building, school, house etc. as you must react quickly to the situation. In the evacuation plan, ensure you have emergency food, water, fire extinguishers and first aid kits, also mark where there are utility switches, so they can be turned off, and find emergency exits for all the rooms in that area and a higher ground area that people can go to after the earthquake.